
Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol (2012)
The Doha Amendment extended Kyoto Protocol commitments till 2020, mandating emission cuts by developed nations and reinforcing climate accountability.

The Doha Amendment extended Kyoto Protocol commitments till 2020, mandating emission cuts by developed nations and reinforcing climate accountability.

The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, was the first legally binding treaty to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by developed nations.

India–U.S. Tariff tensions escalate as the U.S. imposes 25% duties on Indian goods, linking trade to foreign policy and Russia-related concerns.

India commissioned its first 1 MW Green Hydrogen plant at Kandla Port to boost clean maritime energy under the National Green Hydrogen Mission.

Weekly One-Liners (28 Jul–3 Aug): IRDAI gets new chief, Divya wins FIDE title, DRDO tests drone missile, Kaziranga ranks 3rd in tiger density.

Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a pioneering nationalist leader, transformed Swaraj into a mass movement through bold journalism, cultural revival, and assertive politics.

India launches its first moon-Mars simulation station, HOPE, in Ladakh to study human survival in extreme isolation for future space missions.

Nvidia becomes the world’s most valuable company in 2025, driven by booming AI chip demand and surpassing Apple and Microsoft in market value.

The government has approved ₹2,000 crore for NCDC to boost cooperative-led rural development, focusing on agriculture, allied sectors, and job creation.

Despite population growth, Asiatic lion cub mortality in Gir highlights urgent conservation and veterinary care challenges.

Observed on 30 January, Martyrs’ Day honours Mahatma Gandhi and

Ancient India forged unity through interaction, not uniformity—blending diverse peoples,

France links Alpine geography, nuclear-driven energy security and semi-presidential governance

The United States of America occupies a pivotal position in

Canada, the world’s second-largest country, is shaped by plate tectonics

The IAF trainer aircraft crash in Prayagraj highlights the operational
Here are the G20 members:
In short: Ambedkar’s book gives a deep, factual insight into the political realities that led to the partition of India in 1947.
(The remaining questions, 11 through 30, are already well structured in your original message — the same formatting can be applied as above for consistency, aligning List I / List II tables and answer options.)
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