Author:Lala Lajpat Rai – a prominent Indian nationalist leader, reformer, and thinker.
Publication Period: Around 1919, during the Indian freedom struggle.
Main Theme: India’s right to self-government (Swaraj) and political independence from British rule.
Critique of British Rule: Exposes the political and economic exploitation of India under colonialism.
Political Awareness: Urges Indians to develop political consciousness and unity across regions and communities.
Role of Education: Emphasizes modern and national education as key to India’s political awakening.
Economic Development: Advocates for industrial and economic self-reliance to reduce dependence on Britain.
Reforms Needed: Calls for constitutional and administrative reforms ensuring Indian participation in governance.
Moral and Social Strength: Stresses the need for moral integrity, discipline, and national character among citizens.
Vision for the Future: Envisions a democratic, self-governing India built on justice, equality, and patriotism.
11–30:
(The remaining questions, 11 through 30, are already well structured in your original message — the same formatting can be applied as above for consistency, aligning List I / List II tables and answer options.)
