Observed on 30 January, Martyrs’ Day honours Mahatma Gandhi and India’s freedom fighters. The nation pauses at 11 AM for two minutes of silence—reaffirming constitutional values, civic duty, and ethical governance.
Ancient India forged unity through interaction, not uniformity—blending diverse peoples, faiths, languages and regions into a resilient civilization shaped by Bharatavarsha, Sanskrit, shared epics and adaptive social systems.
France links Alpine geography, nuclear-driven energy security and semi-presidential governance with a growing Indo-Pacific role and strategic partnership with India, making it a high-yield topic for UPSC aspirants.
The United States of America occupies a pivotal position in North America, where its mountain systems, river basins and coastal plains have shaped agriculture, industry and global power, making it a classic case study in regional geography and geopolitics for UPSC aspirants.
Canada, the world’s second-largest country, is shaped by plate tectonics and glaciation, resulting in vast resource wealth, climatic diversity, and strategic Arctic importance. Its geography strongly influences its economy, global role, and relations with India.
Modern history of India is shaped by multiple lenses—Colonial justification, Nationalist resistance, Marxist class analysis, and Subaltern voices—showing that the past is not one story but many interpretations
Sources of Modern Indian History for UPSC: Unlocking the Past Syllabus: UPSC GS-I (Modern India) Introduction: Why Sources Matter The period from the mid-18th century to 1947 witnessed the transformation of India from a Mughal successor state to a British colony and finally to an independent nation. Reconstructing this complex journey requires a critical study of historical sources. These sources—official files, newspapers, memoirs, literature, and art—are the raw materials from which historians build narratives.For a UPSC aspirant, understanding their nature,
Mont Blanc, the highest peak of the Alps and Western Europe, stands on the France–Italy border and represents the outcome of Alpine tectonics and extensive glaciation, shaping the climate, drainage, and human geography of France and the wider European region.
Failure of Western Disturbances in 2025–26 has caused a dry winter in Northwest India, affecting agriculture, groundwater recharge and Himalayan ecosystems.
Ben Nevis, the highest peak in the United Kingdom, stands in Scotland’s Grampian Mountains and preserves a remarkable record of Caledonian tectonics, ancient volcanism, and glacial sculpting, making it central to understanding the physical geography of Scotland and the British Isles.
Observed on 30 January, Martyrs’ Day honours Mahatma Gandhi and
Ancient India forged unity through interaction, not uniformity—blending diverse peoples,
France links Alpine geography, nuclear-driven energy security and semi-presidential governance
The United States of America occupies a pivotal position in
Canada, the world’s second-largest country, is shaped by plate tectonics
The IAF trainer aircraft crash in Prayagraj highlights the operational
