Why In News:
The Bonn Climate Change Conference 2025 started on June 16 in Bonn, Germany. Over 5,000 delegates from around the world are participating. The aim is to review progress on past climate agreements and to prepare the technical agenda for COP29.
What is the Bonn Climate Conference?
- It is an annual mid-year climate meeting held under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
- Focuses on scientific, technical, and implementation-related aspects of global climate negotiations.
- First organized in 1995, after the UNFCCC was signed in 1992.
- Hosted in Bonn, Germany, which is the headquarters of the UNFCCC Secretariat.
Main Objectives of the Conference:
- Prepare for COP Summits
– Sets groundwork (technical and political) for COP29 and beyond. - Review Climate Commitments
– Tracks implementation of past climate goals, including the Paris Agreement. - Bridge Science and Policy
– Uses scientific input from the IPCC to guide climate action. - Support Developing Countries
– Discusses finance, technology transfer, and capacity building. - Involve All Stakeholders
– Encourages participation from civil society, indigenous communities, NGOs, and experts.
Key Components of the Conference:
- Permanent Subsidiary Bodies:
- SBI (Subsidiary Body for Implementation): Tracks implementation of actions.
- SBSTA (Subsidiary Body for Scientific & Technological Advice): Integrates science into decision-making.
- Pre-COP Role:
- Outcomes here shape the discussions at COP29.
- Multilateral Involvement:
- Participation from UN members, NGOs, scientists, industries.
- Actionable Roadmaps:
- Focus on turning political promises into realistic climate strategies.
Theme of the 2025 Conference:
“Operationalising the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA)”
- What is GGA?
- A part of the Paris Agreement (2015) to enhance global climate adaptation efforts.
- Why is it important now?
- Though part of the 2015 agreement, it only gained momentum after COP28 (Dubai).
- Focus for 2025:
- Develop measurable and fair adaptation targets, especially for vulnerable countries.
Exam-Oriented Relevance
Environment (GS Paper 3: UPSC)
- Environment and Climate Change Agreements
- UNFCCC and International Climate Negotiations
- Paris Agreement and Global Goals
- Adaptation and Mitigation Efforts
- India’s Role in Climate Diplomacy
